8D : Problem Solving Methodology

The Eight Disciplines (8D) is a robust problem solving methodology that transforms complex issues into manageable, actionable solutions. Originally developed by Ford Motor Company, it has become a global standard for systematic problem resolution.

Why 8D?

• Structured approach prevents overlooking critical aspects

• Data-driven decision making ensures objective solutions

• Team-based process leverages collective expertise

• Documentation enables knowledge sharing

• Prevention-focused methodology stops problem recurrence

Detailed 8D Process

D1: Establish the team
D2: Define the problem
D3: Implement containment
D4: Root cause analysis
D5: Develop solutions
D6: Implement solutions
D7: Prevent recurrence
D8: Congratulate team

8D : Problem Solving Methodology
D1: Establish the team	Bring together the right expertise and perspectives key actions: ◇ Select members with relevant skills ◇ Define roles and responsibilities ◇ Ensure authority and resources ◇ Include process owners and experts
D2: Define the problem	Create clear problem statement with measurable impact ◇ What is happening vs What should happen ◇ Where it occurs ◇ When it occurs ◇ Size of the problem ◇ Impact on organization/customer
D3: Implement containment	Take immediate action to minimize impact application ◇ Immediate temporary fixes ◇ Verify containment effectiveness ◇ Document actions taken ◇ Monitor impact
D4: Root cause analysis	Identify and verify true source of problem ◇ 5 Why Analysis ◇ Fishbone Diagram ◇ Pareto Analysis ◇ Data Collection/Analysis ◇ Verification of root cause
D5: Develop solutions	Generate permanent corrective actions ◇ Multiple solution options ◇ Cost-benefit analysis ◇ Risk assessment ◇ Verification criteria ◇ Implementation requirements
D6: Implement solutions	Execute chosen corrective actions ◇ Plan implementation ◇ Assign responsibilities ◇ Define timeline ◇ Monitor progress ◇ Validate effectiveness
D7: Prevent recurrence	Establish systems to prevent problem from returning ◇ Update procedures ◇ Modify systems ◇ Train personnel ◇ Implement controls ◇ Monitor effectiveness
D8: Congratulate team	Document success and recognize effort ◇ Document success ◇ Share best practices ◇ Recognize contributions ◇ Celebrate achievements